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1. 主语是名词的集合
集合名词是指用于指代由多个实体组成的集合名词。the crowd(群体), my family(我的家人)
所以,像这样一个集体指代多个实体的名词,谓语应该使用奇数还是复数?
RULE NO.1
一般而言,美式英语习惯以集合名词为奇数,英式英语习惯以集合名词为复数。
RULE NO.2
当集体名词强调一个整体时,谓语使用奇数。当集体名词强调集体中的多个个体时,谓语使用复数。
His family is big. 他的家庭是一个大家庭。(强调他的家庭集体)
His family are all waiting for him. 全家人都在等他。(强调的是他的每一个家庭多个人)
RULE NO.3
在绝大多数情况下,有些集体名词是复数形式,例如:police、people、cattle,例:
Who are these people?
The cattle are fed on barley.
2. 绝对复数名词是主语
有些术语只有复数形式。clothes, pants, scissors, shorts, trousers, jeans, headphones,因为它们都是以一对一的方式出现的。
My trousers are dirty.
My headphones are lost.
主语为Either/ Neither
主语为Either/ Neither, 或包括and, either or/ neither nor。
(1) 使用and连接,主语必须指两个或两个以上的主题,谓语一般采用复数。
Cheese and tomato are delicious on the bread.
My friends and I are playing soccer.
(2) 使用Either/ Neither,虽然主语指的是多种东西,但从意义上来说,它们各自指的是单一的东西,谓语通常使用奇数。
Neither is willing to give up. (=He is not willing to give up, and she is not willing to give up. )
Either is good enough. (=This is good enough, and that is good enough.)
(3) 使用Either or/ Neither nor,采用最近的原则,谓语靠近哪个名词,方法就会随着这个名词而改变。
Neither John nor his sisters were at school today.
Neither John's sisters nor John was at school today.
4. 介词与主语和谓语之间,介词短语分隔。
在句子主语后面跟有介词。or在介词短语时,常常会让人感到困惑。
The manner in which you spoke tothose people are rude.
这句话中,谓语与前面的名词不相称。(those people)它与句子的主语有关,(the manner)相关性,所以正确的句子方法应该是:
The manner in which you spoke to those people is rude.
例:
Food between the teeth results in bad teeth.
Students who staying in the classroom are doing their homework.
在KP阶段性写作只涉及到一些简单的句子,要保持主谓一致,只需判断主语是奇数还是复数。
对构造略显复杂的句子而言,也只需:
找出句子的真正主语。
判断主语是奇数or复数。
做好这两个步骤,保持主谓一致的准确性并不难!
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